News last week (06.29—07.05)

 新冠疫情 COVID-19

●一名法国新冠肺炎患者出现生殖器官长时间异常勃起症状

A French COVID-19 patient developed symptoms of prolonged genital erection

近日，《美国急诊医学杂志》刊登了一个来自法国的新冠肺炎病人的病例报告称，一名法国62岁的新冠肺炎患者出现了生殖器官异常勃起的情况。在用冰袋冷敷了4个小时症状没有改善后，医护人员用针头将该病例生殖器官的血液吸取了出来，发现其中有暗色的血栓，认为是这些血栓导致该男子出现了“低流量型”异常勃起。（环球时报）

Recently, the American Journal of Emergency Medicine published a case report of a COVID-19 patient in France, who was 62 years old, who developed an abnormal erection in his reproductive organs. After four hours of ice packs and no improvement in symptoms, medical staff used needles to draw blood from the patient's reproductive organs and found dark blood clots that were thought to have caused the man's low-flow erection. (huanqiu.com)

●专家揭公厕感染新冠肺炎病例中招原因

Experts reveal the cause of COVID-19 in public toilets

国家卫生健康委专家组专家施国庆表示，公共卫生间是被很多人使用过的场所，如果新冠肺炎病毒感染者使用过，其他人存在被把手和冲水按钮等部位感染的可能性，也不排除粪便污染环境以及空气的可能。相关单位要做好卫生间的清理以及经常性地消毒，保持卫生间的通风良好，保持厕所的冲水良好、没有堵塞。要配备洗手设施以及消毒液，个人要有良好的如厕卫生习惯。（央视新闻）

Shi Guoqing, an expert with the National Health Commission, said that since public toilets are used by many people, if coVID-19 infected people have used them, others may be infected by touching handles and flush buttons, and the possibility of fecal contamination of the environment and the air is not ruled out. The relevant institutes should do a good job in the toilet cleaning and regular disinfection, keep the toilet ventilated good, keep the toilet flush good and no blocking. Hand washing facilities and disinfectants should be provided, and individuals should have good toilet hygiene. (CCTV News)

●瑞德西韦官方定价每瓶390美元，美国欲买断

Remdesivir is officially priced at $390 a bottle, and the U.S. wants to buy it all

吉利德公司事长兼首席执行官Daniel O'Day6月29日表示，瑞德西韦官方定价每瓶390美元，预计每位患者一疗程需要6瓶共2340美元。瑞德西韦被多国批准用于治疗新冠肺炎，在全球需求大增，美国政府却在此时几乎抢先买断瑞德西韦未来3个月全部供应，引发多方批评，世界卫生组织在获悉相关情况后已经展开调查。（21财经，环球时报）

Riddervive is officially priced at 390 a botle and is expected to cost 2,340 for a course of six bottles per patient, Gilead chief executive Daniel O'Day said June 29. Riddervive is approved by many countries for the treatment of COVID-19. The US government has been criticized for buying up nearly all of its supplies for the next three months at a time when global demand is surging. The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched an investigation into this situation. (21 jingji.com, huanqiu.com)

科学技术 Science & Technology

●卫星导航定位专家许其凤院士辞世

Xu Qifeng, a stellite navigation and positioning expert, has passed away

中国卫星导航定位专家，中国工程院院士，解放军信息工程大学导航与空天目标工程学院教授、博士生导师许其凤，因病医治无效，于2020年7月2日在京逝世。许其凤是中国最早开展卫星大地测量与GPS技术研究的学者之一。多年前，由于GPS系统提供的定位和授时服务水平较高，很多人建议我国参考GPS的卫星星座方案进行布设，但许其凤坚持反对，力主“另起炉灶”，为推动我国卫星导航系统发展做出了珍贵贡献。（中国青年报）

Xu Qifeng, a Chinese expert in satellite navigation and positioning, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, professor and doctoral supervisor of navigation and Space Target Engineering College of The PLA Information Engineering University, died in Bejing on July 2 after failig to respond to medical treatment. Xu Qifeng is one of the earliest scholars in China to carry out research on satelite geodesy and GPS technology. Many years ago, due to the high level of positioning and timing services provided by the GPS system, many people suggested that China should refer to the GPS satelite constellation plan to set up, but Xu Qifeng insisted on opposing and advocated to "start all over again", making a precious contribution to the development of China's satllite navigation system. (zqb.cyol.com)

●中国研究人员发现新型猪流感病毒，具有大流行病潜力

Chinese researchers have identified a new swine flu virus with pandemic potential

刊登在《美国国家科学院院刊》（PNAS） 的一项研究显示，中国的研究人员发现了一种可能引发大流行病的新型猪流感病毒。这种名为G4的猪流感病毒是从2009年大流行病的H1N1流感毒株演变而来。中国农业大学与中国疾病预防控制中心的科学家指它呈现出"高度适应感染人类的所有基本特征"。科学家强调，应迅速采取措施控制在猪群当中的这种新病毒，并对养猪业工人进行严密监视。（澎湃新闻）

Researchers in China have identifed a new swine flu virus that could cause a pandemic, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The swine fu virus, known as G4, evolved from the H1N1 strain of the 2009 pandemic. Scientists at China Agricultural University and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention said it showed "a high degree of adaptation to all the basic characteristics of infecting humans". The scientists stressed that rapid measures should be taken to contain the new virus in pigs and that pig workers should be closely monitored. (thepaper.cn)

●耶鲁大学研究解开压力如何引发炎症之谜

A research from Yale University revealed why does stress trigger inflammation

耶鲁大学科学家领导的一项新研究解开了一个长期以来的谜团：尽管许多应激激素实际上抑制了免疫系统，但急性应激似乎会放大炎症性疾病。IL-6是由棕色脂肪细胞在面对急性压力时分泌的。当我们面对压力时，正是这种免疫机制放大了炎症。当IL-6在小鼠体内被阻断时，动物的躁动迹象明显减少，这表明免疫机制可能在焦虑和抑郁症中发挥作用。（cnBeta）

A new study led by scientists at Yale University has solved a long-standing mystery: While many stress hormones actually suppress the immune system, acute stress seems to amplify inflammatory diseases. IL-6 is secreted by brown fat cells in response to acute stress. It is this immune mechanism that ampliftes inflammation when we face stress. When IL-6 was blocked in mice, the animals showed signifcantly less signs of agitation, suggesting that immune mechanisms may play a role in anxiety and depression. (cnBeta)

●世界首座堰塞坝综合水利枢纽投产发电

The world's first dam complex has come into operation to generate electricity

2014年8月3日，鲁甸县发生6.5级地震，山体崩塌滑落的泥沙石块阻塞了牛栏江干流河道，形成了库容2.6亿立方米的堰塞湖。由中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司设计，利用堰塞体改造成挡水坝，并新建一座电站的想法应运而生。经过6年的努力，云南昭通鲁甸红石岩堰塞坝综合水利工程首台机组日前正式投产发电。该项目总库容1.85亿立方米，供水8.08万人，灌溉6.62万亩，装机20.1万千瓦，年发电达8亿度。（观察者）

On August 3, 2014, a 6.5-magnitude earthquake jolted Ludian County, blocking the main stream of the Niulan River and forming a barrier lake with a storage capacity of 260 million cubic meters. Designed by China Power Construction Group Kunming Survey and Design Institute Co., the idea of building a dam and a new power station with it was born. After six years of efforts, the first unit of the Hongshiyan dam comprehensive water conservancy project in Zhaotong Ludian, Yunnan has been put into operation. The project has a total water storage capacity of 185 milion cubic meters, water supply of 80,800 people, irrigation of 66,200 mu, installed electricity capacity of 201,000 kw, and annual power generation of 800 million kilowatts. (guancha.cn)

●中国65篇数学论文涉嫌批量造假

A total of 65 mathematical papers in China are suspected of a mass fraud

近日德国独立科学记者列昂尼德·施耐德在其主办的科学新闻网站For Better Science上发布了中国数学领域涉嫌论文批量造假的报道，共有65篇论文涉嫌造假，77位署名作者分别来自中国44所高校。（中国新闻周刊）

Leonid Schneider, an independent German science journalist, recently published a report on the alleged mass fraud of 65 papers in the field of mathematics in China on the science news website For Better Science. 77 authors from 44 universities are involved. (inewsweek.cn)