News last week (06.22—06.28)

新冠病毒 COVID-19

●吴尊友：北京新冠感染人数预计7至10天将初步清零

Wu Zunyou: It is estimated that the number of people infected with COVID-19 in Beiing will be initially cleared in 7 to 10 days

“北京疫情继续呈向好趋势，预计7至10天感染人数初步清零。”中国疾控中心流行病学首席专家吴尊友，6月24日下午在接受记者专访时说。他表示，在北京市采取防控措施后，新感染的人数明显下降。北京市6月11日报告首例病例，6月12日开始采取措施，6月13日措施全面落实。“6月13日以后，如果措施全面彻底有效，应该说隔14天就不会再有新病例发生。”（中国青年报）

The epidemic in Beijing continues to show a positive trend, and it is estimated that the number of infected people in 7 to 10 days will be preliminarily cleared." Wu Zunyou, chief epidemiologist of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said in an exclusive interview with reporters on the afternoon of June 24. He said the number of new infections had dropped significantly after the city took control measures. The first case was reported in Beijing on June 11. Measures were taken on June 12 and fully implemented on June 13. "After June 13, if the measures are fully and thoroughly effective, it should be said that there will be no new cases after 14 days." (cyol.net)

●本轮疫情有患者出现嗅觉味觉改变，国外已纳入早期诊断标准之一

Some COVID-19 patients have changed their sense of smell and taste, and foreign countries have included this symptom as one of the early diagnostic criteria

6月24日，在北京第131场新冠肺炎疫情防控工作新闻发布会上，北京地坛医院副院长吴国安介绍，北京近期新增的256例确诊病例中，有部分病例出现非典型症状。其中，有嗅觉改变的33人，有味觉改变的21人。北京一名临床医生透露，北京截至目前的256个病例中，出现嗅觉、味觉改变的比例约为10%。国外多项研究中，报告嗅觉味觉失调的病例占比有的高达64%。美国CDC近期也在相关医学专业协会建议下，将突发的嗅觉味觉失调纳入COVID-19的诊断标准。相关文章指出，由于缺乏长期随访数据，尚不清楚有多大比例的患者会发展出长期持续的嗅觉功能障碍。（南方都市报）

At the 131st press conference on COVID-19 prevention and control in Beijing on June 24, Wu Guoan, deputy director of Beijing Ditan Hospital, said that some of the 256 newly confirmed cases in Beijing had atypical symptoms. Of these, 33 had a change in smell and 21 had a change in taste. About 10 percent of the 256 cases in Beiing so far have changed their sense of smell and taste, according to a Beijing clinician. In a number of foreign studies, the case that reports smell and taste disorder takes proportion as high as 64%. The US CDC has also recently included an outbreak of smell and taste disorders in the diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 following the recommendation of relevant medical professional associations. Because of the lack of long-term follow-up data, it is unclear what percentage of patients will develop long-term persistent olfactory dysfunction, the article noted. (oeeee.com) 

●美疾控中心主任：美国或有超2300万人感染新冠

US CDC director: More than 23 million Americans may be infected with COVID-19

当地时间25日，美国疾控中心主任雷德菲尔德表示，美国真实的新冠肺炎感染人数可能是现在的10倍。美国目前报告的确诊病例超230万，这意味着美国实际感染人数可能超2300万。他估计目前有5%-8%的美国人感染，因存在大量无症状感染，传统确诊方式低估了感染人数。（观察者）

The real number of COVID- 19 infections in the United States could be 10 times higher, The director of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on June 25 local time. More than 2.3 million confirmed cases have been reported in the United States, which means the actual number of infections in the United States could be more than 23 million. He estimates that 5 to 8 percent of Americans are infected, and that traditional diagnostic methods underestimate the number of infections because of the large number of asymptomatic infections. (guancha.cn)

科学技术 Science & Technology

●我国万米载人潜水器首艘支持保障母船“探索二号”福州起航

China's first 10,000-meter manned submersible, the mother ship Exploration 2, has set sail in Fuzhou

我国首艘装载国产化科考装备的载人深潜器支持保障母船——“探索二号”科考船在福建马尾造船有限公司完成所有增改建项目，25日上午，“探索二号”顺利出坞，正式鸣笛起航。改造后的船舶总长87.2米，型宽18.8米，型深7.4米，最高航速14.2节，满载排水量6700吨，采用全电力推进，续航力大于15000海里，自持力不低于75天，可同时搭载60名科考队员开展海试任务。（央视新闻）

China's frst manned deep-sea submersible equipped with domestically-made scientific research equipment has completed all additions and modifcations at Fujian Mawei ShipBuilding LTD. The Exploration 2 sailed off the dock Thursday morning. The ship has a total length of 87.2 meters, a width of 18.8 meters, a depth of 7.4 meters, and a maximum speed of 14.2 knots. It has a full displacement of 6,700 tons, adopts all-electric propulsion, has a endurance of more than 15,000 nautical miles, and a self-sustaining power of not less than 75 days. It can carry 60 expedition members for sea trials at the same time. (CCTV News)

●癌症与久坐有强联系

There is a strong link between sitting and cancer

《美国医学会肿瘤学杂志》 18 日发表的一项对 8002 名成年人的队列研究发现，久坐行为的总量是一个潜在的癌症死亡风险因素，久坐时间越长，癌症死亡率越高。这是第一项明确表明久坐与癌症死亡之间有很强联系的研究。（丁香医生）

A study of 8,002 adults published Wednesday in the Journal of JAMA Oncology found that the amount of sedentary behavior is a potential risk factor for cancer death, with the more sedentary, the higher the risk. This is the first study to defnitively show a strong link between sitting and cancer death. (dxy.cn)

●狨猴实验揭秘人类大脑进化

Marmoset experiments reveal the evolution of the human brain

近日，最新一期 Science 期刊发表了来自德国马普所 Wieland Huttner 团队题为：Human-specific ARHGAP11B increases size and folding of primate neocortex in the fetal marmoset 的研究论文。该研究将人类特异性基因 ARHGAP11B 转入狨猴，发现这些狨猴大脑体积显著增大，新皮层面积和神经元数量也显著增加，该研究表明，人类特异性基因 ARHGAP11B 在人类大脑进化中发挥着重要作用，很可能是人类区别于其他灵长类动物的重要原因。（生物世界）

Recently, the latest issue of Science journal published a research paper by Wieland Huttner's team from Max Planck, Germany entitled "Human-specific ARHGAP11B increases size and folding of primate neocortex in the fetal marmoset". The study put human gene ARHGAP11B into marmosets and found the marmosets signifcant increase in brain size and the neocortex size and number of neurons also increased signifcantly. The study showed that human gene ARHGAP11B plays an important role in the development of the human brain. It is likely to be the important reason for the distinction between humans and other primates. (Biological world)

●中美学者将脑中非神经元细胞转化为神经元

Chinese and American researchers turn non-neuronal cells into neurons

当地时间6月24日，顶级学术期刊《自然》（Nature）在线发表了一项由加州大学圣地亚哥分校（USCD）、北京大学、西南医科大学等团队的研究人员联合完成的研究，研究团队在分离的人类细胞和小鼠中，将大脑的非神经元细胞转化成了功能性神经元。这项技术被证实可以逆转帕金森病小鼠模型的症状，或为探索神经退行性疾病的疗法指出了一条新途径。（澎湃新闻）

On June 24, local time, the top academic journal Nature published a study completed by joint researchs from the university of California, San Diego (USCD), Beijing University, Southwest Medical University and other teams. The research team truned brain non-neurons into functional neurons in the separation of human cells and mice. The technique has been shown to reverse symptoms in mice with Parkinson's disease, and may point to a new way to explore treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. (thepaper.cn)

●北斗三号全球卫星导航系统星座部署完成

The deployment of the Beidou-3 global Navigation Satellite System constellation has been completed

6月23日9时43分，我国在西昌卫星发射中心用长征三号乙运载火箭，成功发射北斗系统第五十五颗导航卫星，暨北斗三号最后一颗全球组网卫星，至此北斗三号全球卫星导航系统星座部署比原计划提前半年全面完成。（澎湃新闻）

China successully launched the BeiDou's 55th navigation satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center at 9:43 am on June 23, which is also the last Navigation Satellite System satllite. This successful launch means the deployment of the Beidou-3 global navigation satellite system constellation is six months ahead of schedule. (thepaper.cn)