News last week (06.01—06.07)

新冠疫情 COVID-19

●武汉公布全民核酸检测结果：990万人确诊0例 无症状感染者300名

Wuhan announced the results of nucleic acid tests: no infected case and 300 no asymptomatic cases in 9.9 milion people 

根据武汉市最新公布，从5月14日0时至6月1日24时，武汉市集中核酸检测9899828人，没有发现确诊病例，检出无症状感染者300名、检出率为0.303 /万，追踪密切接触者1174名，其核酸检测结果均为阴性，对无症状感染者和密切接触者均进行了医学隔离观察。更重要的是，目前，武汉市无症状感染者在全人群的占比极低，没有发现无症状感染者传染他人的情况。（21世纪经济报道）

On May 14, according to the latest informaation in Wuhan, from May 14 to June 24, no confirmed cases was found in the nuleic acid test in Wuhan of 9899828 citizens and 300 no asymptomatic cases was found, with a detection rate of 0.303 in ten thousand. The test also tracked 1174 close contacts, whose nucleic acid testing results were negative. All of the asymptomatic patients and close contacts were carried out medical quarantine.More importantly, the proportion of asymptomatic infected persons in the whole population in Wuhan is very small, and no asymptomatic infected persons have been found to infect others. (21jingji.com)

●新冠病毒可令患者出现冻疮样皮肤病变：多见于年轻患者

Novel Coronavirus can make frostbitten skin lesions in young patients

越来越多的证据表明，冻疮样皮肤病变是新冠病毒感染后的皮肤症状。最新研究提示：患者一旦出现类似冻疮样皮肤病变，应立即进行新冠检测。该研究于当地时间5月30日刊发于学术期刊Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology。（澎湃新闻）

There is increasing evidence that frostbitten skin lesions are skin symptoms following novel coronavirus infection. A new research suggests that patients should be tested for COVlD-19 once they develop frostlike skin lesions, which was published in the Jourmal of the American Academy of Dermatology on May 30, local time. (thepaper.cn)

●实验证实戴口罩可大幅降低新冠传染率

Experiments have confirmed that wearing masks can significantly reduce COVlD-19 infection rate

来自香港大学李嘉诚医学院、微生物学系、新发传染病国家重点实验室，香港大学深圳医院临床微生物科及感染控制科，香港玛丽医院微生物学系等的联合研究团队于当地时间5月30日在国际权威期刊《临床传染病杂志》（Clinical Infectious Diseases）上发表了题为《手术口罩减少了新冠病毒在金色叙利亚仓鼠模型中的非接触传播风险》（Surgical mask partition reduces the risk of non-contact transmission in a golden Syrian hamster model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)）的论文。研究团队通过动物实验模型实锤：使用外科口罩可以减少新冠病毒飞沫传播概率，特别是当感染者戴口罩的情形下，效果尤其明显。（澎湃新闻）

A study Surgical mask partition reduces the risk of non-contact transmission in a golden Syrian hamster model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was published in Clinical Infectious Diseases by Li Ka Shing School of Medicine, department of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Mary Hospital of Hong Kong and department of Microbiology. The research team applied a solid experimental animal model: using a surgical mask could reduce the novel coronavirus droplet trnsmission rate, especially if the infected person wore a mask. (thepaper.cn)

●金斯瑞推出首款新冠中和抗体检测试剂盒 1小时内知晓是否具有免疫力

Kingsley's first COVlD-19 neutralizing antibody detection kit is available to determine immunity within one hour

中和抗体是新冠患者血清中能阻断病毒入侵人体细胞的特异性抗体。金斯瑞近日与杜克-新加坡国立大学医学院、新加坡科技研究局下属医疗诊断发展中心在全球范围内推出一款名为cPass™sVNT Kit的新冠病毒中和抗体检测试剂盒。该试剂盒将病毒中和实验检测速度缩短到一小时之内，且无需用真病毒进行高危险实验，无需在严格的生物安全三级实验室环境中进行检测。（21世纪经济报道）

Neutralizing antibodies are specific antibodies that can block the virus from invading human cells in the serum of COVID-19 patients. Novel Coronavirus Neutralizing antibody Detection Kit (cPass™sVNT Kit) is a novel coronavirus

neutralizing antibody detection Kit launched globally by Kingsley in collaboration with the Duk-NUS Faculty of Medicine and the Medical Diagnostic Development Centre of The Singapore Board of Science,Technology and Research. The kit reduces the speed of virus neutralization assay to less than an hour and eliminate the need for high risk testing with real viruses and testing in a rigorous biosafety level 3 laboratory environme. (21jingji.com)

●用紫外线辐射杀灭新冠病毒的安全消毒系统在以色列得以应用

A safety disinfection system using ultraviolet radiation to kill a novel coronavirus was applied in Israel

一种基于紫外线辐射、对医生和患者安全的房间消毒系统研制成功并在以色列诊所Mayanay Yeshua得以应用。该项目研发者、诊所科主任鲍里斯•奥尔金指出，正确选择的波长和基于计算机的灯工作算法可以将房内的COVID-19病原体杀灭近100％。（俄罗斯卫星通讯社）

A room disinfection system based on ultraviolet radiation and safe for doctors and patients has been developed and applied in Mayanay Yeshua clinic in Israel. Boris Orkin, who developed the project and is the director of the clinic, points out that the right wavelength and computer-based lighting algorithm can kill nearly 100 percent of COVID-19 pathogens in the room. (Sputnik News Agency)

科学技术 Science & Technology

●用基因“魔剪”对抗恶性肿瘤 新研究初步证实可行

A new study on the use of genetic "magic scissors" against malignant tumors has shown preliminary results

《自然·医学》在线发表了全球首个CRISPR用于肿瘤治疗的人体I期临床试验结果，该研究的试验对象是晚期非小细胞肺癌患者，通过使用“魔剪”技术编辑非小细胞肺癌患者T细胞的PD-1基因后再回输到患者体内展开治疗。此次全球首个CRISPR用于肿瘤治疗的人体I期临床试验，由四川大学华西医院卢铀教授课题组和产品开发方的邓涛团队合作完成。（科技日报）

The results of the world's first phase I human clinical trial of CRISPR for cancer treatment have been published online in Nature Medicine. The study involved editing the PD-1 gene in T cells of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer using a "magic scissors" technique and then inserting the gene back into the patient for treatment. The world's first phase I human clinical trial of CRISPR for cancer treatment was completed by professor Lu You's research team at West China Hospital of Sichuan University and Deng Tao's team from the product developer. (digitalpaper.stdaily.com)

●哈佛科学家培养人造皮肤可长出毛发

Harvard scientists grow hair from artificial skin

当地时间6月3日，美国哈佛大学医学院等机构在学术期刊《自然》刊文介绍人造皮肤领域的新突破——利用人类多能干细胞培养出可以长出毛发的皮肤类器官。哈佛医学院耳鼻喉科助理教授Karl Koehler、研究助理Jiyoon Lee和同事报告的类器官培养系统在仔细优化生长条件后，能够利用人类多能干细胞生成皮肤类器官。他们利用人类多能干细胞培养的皮肤类器官在培养4－5个月后，形成了多层皮肤组织，包含毛囊、皮脂腺和神经回路。将其移植到免疫功能不全的小鼠的背上皮肤后，55％的移植物上都长出了2－5毫米的毛发。（澎湃新闻）

On June 3, Harvard Medical School and other institutions published in the academic journal Nature to introduce a new breakthrough in artificial skin - using human pluripotent stem cells to grow hair and skin organs. The organoid culture system reported by Karl Koehler, assistant professor of otolaryngology at Harvard Medical School, Jiyoon Lee, research assistant, and colleagues was able to generate skin organs using human plurient stem cells after careful optimization of growth conditions. They used skin organs grown from human pluripotent stem cells to form layers of skin tissue, including hair follicles, sebaceous glands and nerve circuits after four to five months of culture. When transplanted to the back skin of immunocompromised mice, 55 percent of the grafts had hair between 2 and 5 millimeters long. (thepaper.com)

●苏格兰千足虫化石被确定为世界上最古老的虫子

Fossils of the Scottish millipede have been identified as the world's oldest insect

德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员声称已经确定了世界上最古老的虫子。该标本是在苏格兰Kerrera岛上发现的一种千足虫的祖先，它的历史可以追溯到4.25亿年前。研究小组表示，这一发现意味着昆虫经历了一个快速的进化阶段。（cnBeta）

Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin claim to have identified the world's oldest insect. The specimen is an ancestor of a millipede found on the Scottish island of Kerrera, dating back 425 million years. The team says the discovery means insects have gone through a rapid phase of evolution. (cnBeta)