News last week (05.25—05.31)

新冠疫情 COVID-19

●世卫组织：可能迎来第二波疫情或第二个高峰

WHO: there could be a second wave or a second peak of COVID-19

5月25日，世卫组织召开新冠肺炎例行发布会，世卫组织卫生紧急项目负责人迈克尔·瑞安表示，目前还没出现第二波疫情，现在正处于第一波疫情中。迈克尔·瑞安同时强调，新冠肺炎疫情有可能在任何时候突然上升，不能假设其持续下降，有可能出现第二个高峰。（工人日报）

On May 25, WHO held its regular briefing on covid-19. Michael Ryan, WHO director of Health Emergency Programs, said that there has been no second wave of COVID-19 so far, and it is now in the first wave still. Michael Ryan also stressed that the COVID-19 outbreak could suddenly rise at any time. We should not assume a sustained decline in the future, there may be a second peak. (zgw-bj.com)

●全球第10款进入临床测试的疫苗

The world's 10th novel coronavirus vaccine to enter clinical trials

医药公司Novavax宣布其研发的新冠病毒疫苗进入第一阶段的临床测试，预计7月得出初步结果，这也是全球第10款进行临床测试的疫苗。由于对自己的疫苗很有信心，公司计划提前生产该疫苗，到今年底生产出1亿剂疫苗，2021年再生产10亿剂。（梅斯医学）

Novavax announced that its novel coronavirus vaccine is entering phase I clinical trials, with preliminary results expected in July, and is the 10th vaccine to be clinically tested globally. Confident in its own vaccine, the company plans to produce it ahead of schedule, with 100 millin doses by the end of this year and another 1 billion by 2021. (MedSci)

科技 Science&Technology

●俄科学院：俄计划2021年向国际空间站发送鹌鹑蛋

Russian Academy of Sciences: Russia plans to send quail eggs to the International Space Station in 2021

俄罗斯科学院生物医学问题研究所学术副所长瑟乔夫在接受采访时表示，为了研究胚胎发育，计划2021年向国际空间站运送一台装有鹌鹑蛋的孵化器。（俄罗斯卫星通讯社）

In order to study embryo development, an incubator with quail eggs is planned to be delivered to the International Space Station in 2021, said Serchov, deputy academic director of the Institute of Biomedical Issues of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in an interview. (sputniknews.cn)

●3万张自拍揭露面相与性格关系

30,000 selfies reveal the relationship between face and personality

5月22日，Nature发表了一篇论文，由莫斯科大学（Moscow universities），HSE大学（高等经济学院，Higher School of Economics）和开放大学人文与经济学院（Open University for the Humanities and Economics）组成的研究团队征集了12000名志愿者，利用31000张自拍，学习了128种人脸特征，在与志愿者自己填写的信息相比之后，研究者们发现，AI识别的准确率达到了58%，并且，AI的表现比算命先生更稳定。（大数据文摘）

In a paper published by Nature on May 22, a team of researchers from Moscow universities, HSE University, Higher School of Economics and Open University for the Humanities and Economics recruited 12,000 volunteers to study 128 facial features using 31,000 selfies. After comparing the volunteers' own information, the researchers found that the AI was accurate 58 percent of the time, and that the Al's performance was more stable than that of the fortune-teller. (bigdatadigest.cn)

●时隔60年，2020高程测量登山队成功从珠峰北坡登顶

After 60 years, the 2020 altimeter climbing team has successfully reached the summit from the north slope of Mount Qomolangma

2020年5月27日上午11时，2020年珠峰高程测量登山队成功从北坡登上珠峰顶峰。这意味着，珠峰“身高”将迎来历史性更新。这项确切数据，预计需要2到3个月的时间才能得出。（央视新闻）

At 1:00 am on May 27, 2020, the 2020 Everest altimeter climbing team successully reached the summit of mount Everest from the north slope. This means that the "height" of Everest will reach a new historic update. The exact figure is expected to take two to three months. (CCTV news)

●企鹅成为温室气体排放的“罪魁祸首”之一

Penguins are a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions

来自丹麦哥本哈根大学和中国南京大学的研究人员，正在研究帝企鹅殖民地上样带冰川退缩和企鹅粪便对温室气体通量的综合影响。研究人员发现，由于帝企鹅吃含氮氧化物的饮食，导致它们可以通过粪便释放出大量的一氧化二氮（即笑气），让人哭笑不得的是，南极洲帝企鹅释放大量的一氧化二氮，严重影响了长期被便便围绕的研究人员的精神状态。

当然，这背后更为严肃的问题是，研究人员发现企鹅活动变化以及带有 “笑气”的粪便释放，可以显著影响陆地土壤，从而可以将土壤变成温室气体排放点。（学术头条）

The researchers, from the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and Nanjing University in China, are studying the combined effects of glacial retreat and penguin dung on greenhouse gas flux in an emperor penguin colony. The researchers found that because emperor penguins eat a nitrogen-oxide diet, they can release a lot of nitrous oxide (or laughing gas) in their faeces, which seriously affecting the mental state of researchers who have long been surrounded by poop.

The more serious issue, of course, is that researchers have found that changes in penguin activity and the release of "laughing gas" in their faeces can signiflcantly affect land soils, turning them into greenhouse gas emitters. (AMiner)

●流产基因溯源，竟与尼安德特人有关

The genetic origins of abortion are linked to neanderthals

最新的《分子生物学与进化》杂志上就发表了一项关于人类的基于变异与流产问题的研究结果。该项目研究的主要作者Hugo Zeberg指出，从古DNA研究中发现了几例尼安德特人和现代人之间的杂交情况。通过进一步的分析研究人员还发现，与没有携带这种古老的尼安德特人基因变异体的女性相比，携带这种古老的尼安德特人基因变异体的女性在怀孕早期流产的次数较少，出血事件也较少。（cnBeta）

In the latest issue of the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution, the results of a study in humans based on mutation and abortion were published. The lead author of the study, Hugo Zeberg, noted that several examples of interbreeding between neanderthals and modern humans have been found in ancient DNA studies. Further analysis also found that women who carried the ancient Neanderthal gene variant had fewer miscarriages and fewer bleeding events in early pregnancy than women who did not carry it. (cnBeta)

●星际荣耀火箭发动机二次启动试车成功，突破垂直回收核心技术

The I-Space rocket engine was successfully launched for the second time, and the core technology of vertical recovery was broken through

5月27日，火箭民企北京星际荣耀空间科技有限公司（下称“星际荣耀”）“焦点一号”可重复使用液氧甲烷发动机二次启动长程500秒试车成功。星际荣耀方面表示，这标志着“焦点一号”成全球首台具备二次启动能力的液氧甲烷发动机，也意味着星际荣耀突破运载火箭垂直回收又一项核心技术，为双曲线二号可重复使用运载火箭再入垂直回收试验和入轨发射奠定基础。（澎湃新闻）

On May 27, I-Space, a private rocket company, successfully launched the Focus-1 reusable liquid oxygen methane engine for a second long range test run of 500 seconds. I-Space believes Focus-1 is the world's frist liquid oxygen and methane engine with secondary start-up capability. It also means that I-Space has broken through another core technology of vertical recovery of launch vehicle and laid the foundation for the re-entry vertical recovery test and orbital launch of Hyperbola-2 reusable launch vehicle. (thepaper.cn)